Crown House Publishing, Ltd. 2008

By Bruce N. Eimer, Ph.D., ABPB

Reviewed by Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D.

Once in a while, I read a book on hypnosis that is so eloquent, so well organized, so understandable, and written with such clarity and sensitivity that I wish I'd written it myself. That's how I felt about reading Hypnotize Yourself Out of Pain Now (Second Edition) by Bruce Eimer, Ph.D. This is the quintessential book on self-hypnosis for pain management.

Eimer first covers topics such as types of pain, the physiology of pain, pain and neurology, and the pain gate control theory, explaining how hypnosis can reduce chronic pain by closing off the neurological transmission of sensation to the brain from the site of previous injuries. He also discusses how to evaluate pain and how to evaluate one's coping strategies.

The book then moves into the topics of hypnosis and self-hypnosis. Eimer acquaints the reader with basic information about hypnosis and then teaches eight methods of inducing self-hypnosis, such as eye fixation, arm drop, pencil drop, and the eye-roll method. Each induction comes with a script which the reader can record.

Next, the author provides a primer on pain management, covering the "six D's" of pain management: Deep Relaxation, De-catastrophizing, Direction, Distraction, Distortion, and Dissociation. He tells the reader how to match the pain management method to the type of pain, and gives self-hypnosis processes and self-suggestions in each "D" category. For example, with Decatastrophizing, Eimer discusses how to dispute self-talk, reframe the meaning of pain, conduct cognitive analysis of thought processes, and use self-suggestions such as "I can still enjoy things." The pain management skills in this book include behavioral coping strategies, cognitive interventions, and relaxation methods.

This book also covers ways to refine self-hypnosis, as well as advanced self-hypnosis processes such as instant relaxation, a self-healing ritual, mindfulness meditation, ideo-motor signaling, and ego state therapy. I counted over 50 exercises for pain management in this book, so there is surely at least one that will help any reader who is willing to invest the time to learn and practice self-hypnosis. The book comes with a companion CD covers what hypnosis is, pain perception and hypnosis, relaxation with hypnosis, rating and lowering discomfort, pain relief and imagery, healing imagery, therapeutic touch and energy healing, comfort transfer, and stress control.

Bruce Eimer is a clinical psychologist practicing in Philadelphia, with over 20 years of experience in treating chronic pain. He writes from personal experience as a chronic pain survivor. While this book is written for anyone with chronic pain, it is also an excellent reference for hypnotherapists who work with pain reduction. As a chronic pain survivor myself, I believe this book holds great promise for improving the lives of many.

Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D. is a licensed psychotherapist, hypnotherapist and NLP practitioner practicing in Springfield, VA. She has written The Weight, Hypnotherapy and You Weight Reduction Program: An NLP and Hypnotherapy Practitioners Manual (Crown House Ltd.).

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By Franz Anton Mesmer II

Kuchiemunga Trust, Copyright 2010

Reviewed by Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D.

If you want to have fun while brushing up on (or learning) Milton H. Erickson's language patterns and conversational influence with NLP, you really must read Unfair Secrets of Hypnotic Selling with NLP by - uh - Franz Anton Mesmer II. Actually, that's the pen name of an attorney, real estate broker, and former hostage negotiator who claims to wield "Jedi mind tricks" in his business dealings. Whoever he is, he is good.

The author covertly weaves hypnotic language "ploys" into his text while overtly teaching each pattern, and then telling you what he did and what makes each work. It amazed me how many times I had to reread a sentence or paragraph to see the subtle ways in which the author steered my thinking, while I, all along, assumed that I was the one thinking and deciding for myself. And I enjoyed it when the author revealed the ruse! I laughed out loud!

The book is engagingly light-hearted and in some places, quite trance-inducing. It tickles and dances with the mind. I've read other authors who claimed to do hypnotic writing and often found their attempts heavy-handed, transparent, and silly. Mesmer II does it with finesse, despite a few minor glitches with copyediting.

The 486-page book presents dozens of hypnotic language patterns (including embedded commands, presuppositions, verb shifts, double entendres, interspersals, etc.) and persuasion tactics that can apply not only in sales, but in marketing, negotiating, arguing a point, and yes, counseling, coaching, and hypnotherapy! One chapter gives examples from films and literature of how such methods can be applied. This is a book for anyone who wants to expand their skills in verbal influence.

Here's a sample of the text in which the author makes the case that these methods are useful and easy to learn:

As you use these techniques...more and more, you will find that the effectiveness of your requested customer's instructions increases exponentially...You won't have to practice more than is necessary to gain just a minimal skill in order to make them effective. These are the techniques that are easiest to learn and they will give you the most payoff for the least effort in learning...Indirect suggestions and NLP actually works as you will find out for yourself more and more as you use it on a daily basis. But you won't be the first to find that out.

Now, be honest. Didn't that make your head spin just a little?

Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D. is a licensed psychotherapist, writer, hypnotherapist, and NLP Trainer/Practitioner practicing in Springfield, Virginia. She is Executive Director for the National Board of Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists. Her book, The Weight, Hypnotherapy and You Weight Reduction Program practitioner's manual has received international acclaim. Her web site is www.engagethepower.com.

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By Bob G. Bodenhamer, D.Min.

Reviewed by Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D.

By happy coincidence, I received Bob Bodenhamer's I Have a Voice while conducting NLP counseling sessions with a teenaged boy who stuttered. I recommended the book to his parents so they could better understand how and why NLP could help their son. The book is a new edition of the 2005 Mastering Blocking and Stuttering.

Stuttering has received public attention with the popularity of The King's Speech. Like the unconventional speech therapist in the movie, Bodenhamer has worked with hundreds of people who stutter (PWS), helping them achieve fluency. His successes and articles on the subject have attracted world-wide recognition. He is a leading expert and pioneer in treating stuttering, stammering, and verbal blocking. His book is for therapists as well as those seeking a self-help approach to the problem.

The premise is that stuttering is a learned behavior rooted in traumatic childhood events that prove detrimental to social relationships and self-esteem. The book draws upon Neuro-Semantics, NLP, and cognitive psychology in defining the components of stuttering and describing strategies for change.

The three tasks for achieving fluency are:
· Develop a healthy self-concept.
· Ignore other's opinions.
· Access personal resources for living successfully.

I Have a Voice shows how to accomplish these outcomes in a therapeutic approach that incorporates NLP interventions for reframing meanings, releasing trauma, changing limiting beliefs, achieving calm, reaching personal empowerment, confronting cognitive distortions, shifting one's perceptions and focus, and developing behavioral flexibility. Bodenhamer estimates 25 to 30 hours of therapy and much at-home practice are required for success.

Bob Bodenhamer has produced a definitive, landmark text for treating stuttering. It should be in the hands of every speech therapist. As to my teenaged client, after a dozen sessions, his stuttering reduced in frequency and his speaking confidence improved. His parents said they had previously taken him to psychotherapists and speech therapists, but had not witnessed the improvement that he made with NLP.

Thank you, Bob!
__________________________

Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D., is a Licensed Professional Counselor, free-lance writer, and speaker, practicing in Springfield, Virginia. She is a certified NLP Trainer and Master Clinical Hypnotherapist. She is the author of The Weight Hypnotherapy and You Weight Reduction Program practitioner's manual. Email: judypear@cox.net

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Bill O'Hanlon's Six New CDs

Available from: Crown House Publishing Co. LLC, Wales

Reviewed by: By Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D.

Followers of Bill O'Hanlon will delight in the recent release of his six new CDs, all influenced by the work of Milton H. Erickson. If you don't know much about Milton Erickson, this set of CDs will serve as a good introduction to Ericksonian hypnosis.

The recordings demonstrate O'Hanlon's versatility with hypnosis, rapport, and story telling. In each 40- to 60-minute presentation, his voice is friendly and comforting to listen to, with excellent inflection and pacing. Bill tells his stories in such a relaxed and casual manner that they seem spontaneous and fresh, as though you were hearing them over a mug of beer or a cup of coffee. Here is a brief review on each CD.

Meetings with a Remarkable Man: Personal Tales of Milton Erickson

O'Hanlon begins this recording with an engaging story about how he came to meet and study with Milton Erickson. While in graduate school, O'Hanlon came across a fascinating story about Erickson in Life magazine and became determined to meet the man. He devised a plan to exchange gardening services for the opportunity to talk with Erickson and observe his work. Bill shares his own observations about Erickson's amazingly intuitive approach to therapy and teaching.

Next, Bill goes on to tell Erickson's story, describing several life-changing events in Erickson's life, in which Erickson coped with physical disabilities, pain, and hardship, to become a physician and legendary hypnotherapist. These stories show the shaping of Erickson's personality, as well as his brilliant mind and uncanny skills of communication and observation. These stories will touch listeners at both the conscious and the unconscious levels, with examples of individual strength and resilience.

Calm beneath the Waves: Help Relieve Panic, Anxiety and Desperation

In the tradition of Milton Erickson, O'Hanlon crafts a series of stories about people facing anxiety and fear, and their ability to move beyond those experiences. Bill gets into rapport with listeners by telling of times in his own life when he felt anxious or panicked or hopeless. The admission is humanizing and levels the playing field between speaker and listener.

Bill then tells entrancing and uplifting stories about people who managed to confront and reframe debilitating fears and do something different to interrupt illogical patterns of thinking and behavior. Each story is engaging and easy to imagine, and all are ideal for anyone immobilized by irrational fear.

Moving On: Two Healing Trances for Resolving Sexual Abuse

On the first track of this two-track recording, O'Hanlon creates a hypnotic induction that suggests flexibility and choice. He models Erickson's gentle permissiveness and application of metaphor. The themes in the trance-work explore how survival and reframing of a trauma can lead to a sense of life purpose, and to realizing a spiritual, core self. These stories speak about changing the meaning of one's life story, maintaining boundaries, and reaching self-acceptance and validation.

In the second track, O'Hanlon makes the point that recovery is a step-by-step process. He encourages listeners to take their own next step. He reframes the experience of sexual abuse so that listeners feel encouraged to reclaim a sense of self, redefine identity, and see a future of possibilities. The themes include suffering and recovery, perfection and imperfection, and redemption, all beautifully explored in Bill's kind and nurturing voice. I would definitely recommend this CD for survivors of sexual abuse.

Beside Yourself with Comfort: Hypnotic Help for Chronic or Acute Pain Relief

On this CD, O'Hanlon hypnotically suggests and describes many methods for reducing pain. He invites readers to consider each one and choose those that work best. First, Bill discusses acute awareness of sensations, then distraction, and then reframing pain as a body signal that has served its purpose. He tells stories of people, such as Milton Erickson, who demonstrated nontraditional methods for overcoming pain.

O'Hanlon also helps listeners to alter pain's visual submodalities and dissociate from pain. He speaks of analogies that suggest habituation to pain. He tells of how people develop calluses, for example, to reduce skin sensitivity. He also recommends that listeners shift the habits that pain has brought into their daily living. He tells listeners to challenge their pain-related habits and find one small method to "win back some of your life from pain." Bill's message suggests imagination and flexibility in coping with pain, guiding people to find untapped resources within.

Keep Your Feet Moving: Favorite Teaching and Healing Tales

Listen to this CD and you might feel the "narrative imperative" to document and record your own favorite teaching and healing tales. Here is a small collection of entertaining and heart-warming stories that showcase O'Hanlon's story-telling talents. Like a series of audio Rorschach inkblots, Bill lets listeners derive their own meanings and reach their own conclusions. In these stories I found themes of resilience in adversity, refusal to be overwhelmed by fear, and making progress in small incremental steps.

What I like about this CD is Bill's easy-going way of relating tales of mythology, magic, personal experience, gifted people, and ordinary people doing extraordinary things. I was mesmerized by the story of how couples can remember how they fell in love. Bill tells the story of how Roger Bannister broke the four-minute-mile barrier. In the story of the African Violet Queen of Milwaukee, Bill relates how Milton Erickson helped a depressed woman find purpose and meaning. Each story is delivered skillfully, with a forceful ending.

Bill concludes with a stunning account of psychiatrist Viktor Frankl, who survived the German concentration camps and took his message of life and meaning to the world. The message is that a compelling vision of the future gives one a reason to go on living, despite pain and tragedy. If you want to be amused, astonished, riveted, and emotionally moved, listen to this CD!

Let Your Soul be Your Pilot: Finding Your Direction in Life

This CD takes a philosophical turn. Bill tells his listeners that they can find life purpose in three ways: through their wounds, through their anger, and through their bliss. Wounds, anger and bliss can be life's way of grabbing people by the lapels and shouting, "This is what you are supposed to do!"

Bill tells stories about people who found meaning in life by surviving suffering and tragedy. "Your wound is your opening to the world...You can close down, or you can go out and change the world."

What makes you angry? Bill reminds us that out of anger, people can acknowledge inequity and injustice. They can then transform their anger into energy, which provides the impetus to speak out, support a cause, and find a calling.

Bliss makes the heart pound and compels us to action. Bill asks us to examine our own sources of inspiration and happiness. Our soul's path can also be found in the friendship, love, and mentoring of others who have seen and admired our talents and potentials. To make the point, he includes his own stories of how he became fascinated with psychotherapy and solution-oriented therapy. For people who want to discover their life purpose, this CD is perfect!

Conclusion

These CDs make for well-spent listening time. Throughout these teaching tales, O'Hanlon's warmth and charm shine through. Additionally, the CDs touch on themes that psychotherapists and coaches often encounter in their work: fear, pain, recovery, meeting a life challenge, and finding purpose. As a mental health therapist, I will certainly be recommending these recordings to my clients.

Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D. is a licensed psychotherapist and life coach with a solo practice, Motivational Strategies, in Springfield, Virginia. She is a certified hypnotherapist and NLP Trainer as well as Executive Director of the National Board of Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists. Her recently-published book is The Weight, Hypnotherapy and You Weight Reduction Program: An NLP and Hypnotherapy Practitioner's Manual.

Her website is www.engagethepower.com

Her email is judy@engagethepower.com

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by Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D.

Karla called me with a hint of panic in her voice. "I want an appointment to see you right away. My doctor has scheduled me for surgery in two weeks. I've never been in a hospital before! I feel terrified!"

I scheduled an appointment as soon as I could. Karla (not her real name) had been my psychotherapy client for two years and in that time she had made remarkable strides in her life. She had stopped using illegal drugs, left an unsatisfying intimate relationship, found a better-paying job, and was creating a circle of supportive friendships. Now she faced a new challenge. The prospect of surgery was terribly frightening for her, not just because it was the unknown, but because it activated emotional remnants of an abusive childhood. The prospect of general anesthesia evoked the remembered terror of having someone else in control of her body, and the necessity of a long bed rest during recovery recalled fears associated with previous episodes of pain, loneliness and abandonment. No wonder she was upset!

Over the past few years it has been my privilege to work with clients facing various medical procedures, and to apply NLP in helping them overcome unrealistic fears, relax more easily under anesthetics, and have a smoother recovery. My interest in this regard actually began several years ago, when a friend elected to have some minor surgery. Her physician routinely recommended an overnight hospital stay, with general anesthesia for the operation. She bargained for an outpatient procedure at the hospital, with local anesthesia and pain relievers, promising to use deep relaxation techniques during the operation. Her physician was dubious, but agreed to the request, with the condition that he could use any measures he deemed necessary in the event of a medical emergency. The operation was a success. My friend was awake the whole time, and went home that evening.

In recent years, numerous books and articles have described the beneficial effects of hypnosis, relaxation training, and guided visualization for medical patients before, during and after surgical interventions. This article will describe some ways in which NLP practitioners can apply their skills to help clients undergo medical procedures with minimal discomfort. The material here in no way states or implies that NLP or any form of psychotherapy should replace medical procedures or properly prescribed medications. I advise NLP practitioners to encourage their clients to take a proactive role in their own medical care, seek appropriate medical advice and opinion, and work cooperatively with their medical team for the best possible treatment and recovery.

This article is primarily about clients who have a reasonable probability of survival, and not those who have been labeled as "terminal." or whose prognosis is extremely poor. These clients may have additional difficulties, needs, and sensitivities that I will not address here. I hope NLP practitioners who work with the latter group will submit future articles to Anchor Point to share their methods and learning.

Fears and Phobias

Many people have unrealistic fears regarding medical procedures. No one enjoys pain or discomfort of course, but for some, the anticipation is so terrifying they may actually avoid getting necessary and/or life-enhancing medical care. Common phobic stimuli include needles, the sight of blood, the antiseptic smells of a hospital, or the white coats of medical personnel. For some people, like Karla, medical procedures revivify traumatic childhood experiences or touch off memories of previous injuries and pain. When working with clients who have been abused and/or who have issues with control, I avoid any implication that they should be passive or submissive with their physicians. Instead, to respect their ecological issues, I carefully suggest that they can take an active interest in their health care, playing a vital, unique role in partnership with medical personnel.

For fearful clients, begin by reframing the fear. Point out that fear is a natural reaction based on innate survival mechanisms. Help the client appreciate that a part of the self wants to ensure survival, avoid pain, and promote comfort and safety. This part needs to understand that the medical procedure is desirable for long-term benefits and that the client can learn many ways to minimize pain and maximize comfort -- and one way is to relax and cultivate feelings of inner security. Then spend a session with your client using a post-trauma anxiety reduction method such as Visual-Kinesthetic Dissociation (Bandler, 1985), Eye Movement Integration (Andreas and Andreas, 1991), Thought Field Therapy (Gallo, 1996), or the Fast Phobia Method (Andreas and Andreas, 1989). Begin each intervention by installing anchors for inner security and be prepared to gently interrupt abreaction, should it occur. Throughout the procedure, give consistent reassurances and encourage the client to carry resources and resources into the future, during the hospital stay. Once you've helped your client reduce or neutralize fear, then you can move on to some of the additional methods described below.

Resources for Healing

In Heart of the Mind (1989), Connirae and Steve Andreas describe a method for engaging the body's natural ability to heal. I often borrow from this method to help clients "future rehearse," their hospital stay. First I clear all ecological considerations in advance. Is there any reason the client needs to be ill or in pain? Is there any part of the self that would object to minimal pain and a timely recovery? Then I discuss all concerns and considerations with the client, helping the client seek alternatives for implementing positive intentions (See Reframing by Bandler and Grinder, 1982).

Next I anchor feelings of inner security and ask the client to search out a time in the past when he or she recovered or healed satisfactorily from an illness or injury. It helps if the past event bears some resemblance to the current situation. For example, I recently worked with a woman about to undergo epidermabrasion, who chose as her reference event a time when she healed from bad sunburn. Then you can conduct the following steps on the client's timeline.

1. Ask the client to step off the timeline, move back along side the timeline and review the past event (the previous illness or injury), stepping into the healing phase. Anchor the healing phase. To intensify the anchor, ask the client, "How did you know you were getting well? What did you notice, think, and feel?"

2. Ask the client to move off the timeline and return to the present. Apply the anchor for healing and tell the client to travel forward through time into the future, holding onto the anchor, through all the medical procedures, past the recovery period, until the time they are well again. Then have him or her look back and see all they accomplished along the way, and how the ability to heal was always there. Release the anchor for healing.

3. Have the client move off the timeline, moving back toward the present, and reorienting to the present. Remind the client to appreciate his or her healing abilities.

Occasionally you might encounter a client who has a limiting belief that could interfere with optimism about healing and recovery, and that belief may be increasing the client's stress. Unrealistic beliefs may take the form of "I deserve this illness," or "I'll never get well," or "Others in my family have died from this, so I will too." In Beliefs: Pathways to Health and Well-being (1991) Robert Dilts addresses many methods for helping clients overcome such beliefs. Applicable belief change methods include Reimprinting (Dilts 1991), timeline interventions (Woody, 1996), submodalities methods (Bandler and MacDonald, 1988), and the Walking Belief Change Pattern (McDonald, 1994).

When I wrote my doctoral dissertation in 1983 I investigated the role of social support in relation to other health factors. I found over 80 journal articles documenting research indicating that social support has a beneficial role in health and healing. Encourage your clients to access and mobilize their social support networks as an external resource. If your client is a child, or an infirm individual with special needs, you may want to include family members in your sessions. You can also encourage the client and/or the family to work with appropriate hospital staff such as medical social workers, family and child life coordinators, and psychiatric nurses, who can help make the patient's hospital stay more comfortable in many ways.

Honoring Body, Mind, and Spirit

Many cultures engage in healing rituals that call upon the healing powers of the body, mind, and spirit. While the role of spirituality is sometimes absent from today's modern operating theaters, there are still many patients who derive comfort from their spiritual beliefs and rituals, during times of illness. The emerging interest in alternative therapies and holistic medicine speaks to the need to honor the spiritual and metaphysical aspects of healing. For some patients, there is reassurance in knowing that friends and loved ones hold them in their prayers during times of illness, and many believe that prayer provides healing assistance. Others envision guardian angels or spiritual entities ready to help them back to health. For some, the return to health takes place through an attunement of the body's healing energies. What the mind believes, the body can make come true.

As NLP practitioners, we can assist our clients in confronting their illnesses, and throughout the course of medical intervention and healing, by honoring their spiritual beliefs, and integrating those beliefs in mind-body work. Drawing upon the work of many metaphysical and spiritual healers (Hay, 1984; Holmes, 1949; Silva and Stone, 1991; Matthews-Simonton, Simonton, and Creighton, 1984), I have devised a Healing Meditation visualization process for clients who are preparing for medical procedures. The purpose of this visualization process is to help clients honor their spiritual beliefs about healing, engage their body's own healing energies, draw upon resources from previous healings, and future rehearse a successful recovery. The following paragraphs will describe the generic visualization process, which you can modify to accommodate the needs of individual clients.

The process begins with a short interview, asking the client for information which you will later incorporate into the visualization process. The interview consists of these questions:

Do you consider yourself a spiritual person? If so, what aspects of your spirituality or spiritual beliefs do you want to use as resources to help you through the medical procedure and on into the recovery process? Are there other people who love you and care about you and are helping you in some way? Who are they and how do they help you?

Note: As your client accesses the positive feelings that come from these resources, anchor the feelings (an auditory anchor is probably best here).

If you could visit a safe, healing place, real or imaginary, what would it be like?

Ask specifically about colors, surroundings, lighting, sounds, temperatures, smells, tastes, and even tactile sensations associated with this healing place.

Is there some person or entity you'd like to have with you in this healing place?

Examples are guardian angels, helpful spirits, departed or distant loved ones, animals, mythical figures, or religious personages.

If you could see your body's own healing energy, what would it look like? Where, in your body does it originate, and what are its dimensions and colors?

After the interview, get a congruent contract from the client to engage in a trance-inducing visualization process, clear all ecological concerns about the procedure, and ask the client to get comfortable and relax. Begin with almost any trance-induction process of your choosing, making suggestions about relaxation, comfort, safety, and an inward focus. You may choose to install anchors for security and safety and maintain them throughout.

The Healing Meditation

1. Ask the client to visualize his or her healing place. Help the client to focus on visual, auditory, and kinesthetic details from his or her previous description, obtained from the interview. Suggest ways to heighten the experience by intensifying the submodalities in comfortable ways.

2. Remind the client of his or her spiritual resources. Describe those resources and apply the anchor.

3. Suggest that the healing companion(s) can now join the client in the healing place. These companions can relate to the client in comforting ways. These ways might include, sitting beside the client, engaging in some activity with the client, walking beside the client, speaking or singing to the client, or perhaps offering some symbolic gift.

4. Suggest that the client can imaging sitting or resting in the healing place, and having a conversation with his or her body, in the following ways:

First, thank your body for all it does for you. It works hard for you, day and night without your having to remind it, to digest food, keep your heart beating, circulate your blood, conduct elimination, respiration, and a number of other complicated processes. Thank your body for all the good things it is doing for you right now as you are relaxing here and visualizing a healing place.

Note: If the client will be undergoing treatment for a diseased or malfunctioning organ, remind him or her that the other organs, muscles, and bodily systems are doing just fine, in spite of the problem. Encourage the client to appreciate that so many parts of the body continue to function, even though some parts are sick or injured. This is a way of "chunking down" the problem, so that it may seem more manageable or, at least, less overwhelming.

Second, remind your body about other times in the past when you were hurt or injured and your body healed or recovered. Remember how your body let you know that you were going to get well again. Remember your expectations of getting well, and the pleasant discoveries about your body's ability to heal. Praise your body for its healing abilities and remind it to use those healing abilities again.

Third, gently explain to your body the necessity for the upcoming medical procedure, and tell your body the outcomes you want, before, during, and after the procedure.

Note: Depending on the medical procedure, desirable outcomes might include maintenance of normal breathing and heartbeat during surgery, minimal bleeding, only moderate swelling, optimum functioning of the immune system, efficient dissipation of the anesthesia after surgery, and a restful, timely recovery, with minimal pain or discomfort.

Send loving messages throughout your body, especially to the parts that are in need of help and attention.

5. Suggest that the client can visualize a healing, comforting, protective glow surrounding his or her body, as the body activates its positive energies and internal wisdom.

6. Self-appreciation: Ask your client to appreciate that he or she has the capacities to seek help, activate his or her own resources, confront challenges and move beyond them.

7. Build positive expectations: Future Pace the experience of resources, coming through the procedure, recovery and healing. First, tell the client to thank their healing companion(s) for being present, and ask the companion(s) to watch over him or her before, during, and after the medical procedure. Second, suggest that the client can memorize the details of this healing place so that the unconscious mind can return to this place again and again in the days and weeks to come. Have the client create a dissociated image of a future self, in fast-forward time, who successfully completes the medical procedure, manages a timely recovery, takes care of the self in healthy ways, and is eventually well again.

Note: Do not automatically assume your client wants or needs a "speedy" recovery. Recovery takes time. Recovery rates vary, and a client may welcome the rest. Some clients may feel unduly pressured if asked to have a speedy recovery, or even a recovery that is time-specific. Ask your client to appreciate that the body has the wisdom to recover on its own schedule.

8. Reorient the client to alertness and conscious awareness of immediate surroundings.

You can adapt this procedure for children by having the child draw or paint pictures of himself or herself in the healing place, surrounded by loving family members, with the healing companions, and enveloped in a healthy glow. The child can draw, act out, sing songs about, or watch an imaginary movie of going to the hospital, meeting the doctors, waking up after operation, resting and getting better every day, going back home, getting well, and eventually returning to normal activities. HOORAY!

You can also facilitate healing through the use of therapeutic metaphor and storytelling, a ritual which adults enjoy as much as children. Healing metaphors can feature characters that represent body parts and functions. The immune system, for example, might be characterized as an army that chases away invaders, or perhaps as the street cleaners, who sweep up the streets of debris after a ticker-tape parade. In a 1993 issue of Anchor Point, Robert Fletcher presents a healing metaphor in which he portrays the patient's body as an ocean liner that has just run into a storm at sea. The Captain calls upon various officers, such as the Chief of the Boiler Crew, Chief of Maintenance, Chief of Sanitation, Chief Navigator, etc., to quickly repair damage, clean up debris, tighten all fittings, maintain pressure, and keep the ship afloat for passage into a safe port.

The roles of ritual and symbology are often overlooked methods for healing. Ask your client about healing rituals and symbols within the context of his or her ethnic traditions, religious practices, and personal and/or family mythology. Additionally, your clients may want to borrow rituals and symbols from other cultures, or make up their own. Explore with your clients how they may incorporate these rituals and/or symbols into the preparation and recovery process.

Suggestions for Hospital Personnel

Physicians and medical personnel are becoming increasingly receptive to the possibility that the mind can play a vital role in the process of healing and recovery, and that a patient's expectations can influence medical outcomes. Research conducted during the 1970's showed that patients rating high in anxiety fared worse during their hospitalizations than patients with low anxiety. High anxiety patients needed more medication, had more post-operative difficulties, and spent more post-operative days in the hospital (Cohen and Lazarus, 1973; Goldstein, 1973).

Physicians and medical personnel can allay a patient's anxiety through rapport building, by explaining procedures, thoroughly answering the patient's questions, and addressing the patient's ecological issues. In Love, Medicine, and Miracles, Bernie Siegel, M.D. eloquently stated that a physician must help patients maintain a fine balance between realistic expectations and hopeful optimism. Siegel states that the physician's attitude is an essential element in establishing rapport with patients, influencing a patient's emotions, and in promoting recovery, even when a patient is asleep, in coma, or under anesthesia. He cites studies by physicians, including Milton Erickson, showing that under anesthesia, patients respond to known voices. Siegel states that he informs his patients about their medical status, and encourages positive responses when they are in a coma or under anesthesia. The unconscious mind always listens.

Several surgeons have now begun using the anesthetized mind's powers to help prevent complications.... In the operating room, I'm constantly talking to patients about what is happening....Talking reassuringly to patients who are having cardiac irregularities during surgery can reverse irregularities or slow a rapid pulse....Many anesthesiologists...have begun speaking to their anesthetized patients, giving them calming messages....It is especially important to avoid negative messages because the anesthetized patient's conscious defense mechanisms aren't functioning. I always make sure that operating room personnel don't say anything they wouldn't say if the patient were awake.

Siegel recommends that physicians make positive statements to anesthetized patients, suggesting, for example that the patient can reduce bleeding, or that he or she will wake up feeling comfortable. In some operating rooms, upon their own request, anesthetized patients are now allowed to use headphones to listen to tapes of soothing music, or instructions for relaxation and healing. NLP practitioners can even tape record the Healing Meditation described above, and have the client listen to the tape up until the time of surgery, or perhaps even in the operating room, if the physician agrees.

NLP practitioners can educate medical personnel regarding ways to facilitate rapport and to make the unconscious mind an ally in the client's recovery. One way we can accomplish this is through speaking engagements and by networking with medical personnel in our communities. We can encourage our clients to seek physicians who respect the healing power of the mind and are willing to utilize it to the client's advantage. We can even coach our clients on how to interact with medical personnel to get answers to their questions, state concerns, and use respectfully assertive methods to have their needs addressed.

Post-operative Follow-up

Your clients can also benefit from NLP interventions after the medical procedures are complete. Ask your clients to come to your office for a follow-up therapy session after the hospital stay or outpatient procedure. Plan to celebrate even the smallest victory and reinforce positive learning. You can also address post-operative issues, such as pain management, grief work, and trauma.

You can assist clients with pain management through the use of submodality interventions; Submodality interventions help the client to visualize (versus feel) the pain----its size, shape, color, texture, substance, weight, location and density. By changing these submodalities, and calibrating the client's response, you can teach your client to decrease pain for varying periods of time. To measure the success of pain management interventions, ask your client to scale the pain on a scale from one to ten, before and after each intervention. The difference in the rating will provide feedback on the effectiveness of the method. Vary the methods until the client achieves some reduction in pain.

Relaxation can also alleviate pain, because some pain results from muscle tension accompanying anxiety about having pain. For some post-operative clients, I tape-record our relaxation training sessions so the client can listen to the tape at home. When clients learn NLP pain management methods, they require fewer pain-relieving medications, and have fewer of the associated side effects from those medications.

You can accompany relaxation with pain management metaphors built around analogies for (1) numbness (Have you ever played in the snow for so long that your hands were so cold that you couldn't feel your finger tips?) or (2) ignoring/distraction (You can be wearing shoes, but not even feel them on your feet for a time, because you are busy paying attention to other things instead) or (3) forgetting to remember (Sometimes you can stub your toe and it hurts, until you get involved in a really good conversation or an intriguing movie, and you forget all about that stubbed toe for a while.). When talking to your client about the future (future rehearsal) suggest that in the days and weeks to come, he will often be surprised about how often he had forgotten to remember to think about the pain.

Following a hospital stay, some clients may benefit from grief work. Grief work is not just for the loss of the loved one. Illness or surgery may bring the loss of a body function, a physical capability, or a body part. A person who is recovering from a serious injury or illness may mourn the loss of the illusion of immortality. Connirae and Steve Andreas describe NLP grief resolution processes in Heart of the Mind (1989; also see Watson, 1993). The method primarily involves mapping across submodalities from a resolved loss to an unresolved loss. Ron Klein (1994) also describes a grief pattern, called Good Grief, that relies on metaphors and anchored resources to move the client through the grief process.

Illness and injury can be traumatizing, and surgery and other medical procedures can sometimes leave emotional scars, no matter how well one prepares for the ordeal. If your client seems unduly emotionally troubled as a result of the medical procedure, apply one of the post-trauma anxiety reduction methods mentioned earlier in this article.

Conclusion

At the time when I was working with Karla, my methods were less well defined. I saw her for one session before her scheduled surgery, and discussed her fears. Then I helped her anchor a sate of security and invited her to relax and imagine herself in a lovely place of healing. I asked her to remember previous times when she had been ill, and had eventually become well. I asked her to take the security and relaxation into the future and mentally rehearse everything she thought would happen at the hospital, in fast motion, getting all the way through the ordeal until she was at home again in her own bed.

She called me two weeks later, from her bed at home. While she was still in some pain and discomfort, and complained about the inconveniences of extended bed rest, she was triumphant in the knowledge that she had survived. She spoke with pride about how she had bravely coped with the operation, and about the interesting things she had learned about medical procedures, and about how the hospitalization was a terrible experience, but not as traumatic as she had originally imagined. She had found a deeper appreciation for her own resilience.

Whenever we work with clients undergoing medical procedures, it is important to remember that unforeseen difficulties do arise and there are no guaranteed cures. While we can approach our work with faith and optimism, we cannot and should not make grandiose promises of health and recovery. We can help our clients increase their comfort, and at least promote the hope and/or possibility that their bodies will make the best possible choices. Ultimately, all healing is self-healing.

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Book Review: Techniques of Hypnotic Induction

By George Gafner

Crown House Publishing Co. LLC, Wales
Copyright, 2009

Reviewed by Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D.

As a hypnotherapist, I was intrigued by this small book focusing solely on hypnotic inductions. In Techniques of Hypnotic Induction, psychotherapist George Gafner, brings over 30 years of experience teaching hypnotherapists how to communicate with the unconscious mind skillfully, through story-telling inductions.

Gafner begins with an overview of the applications and efficacy of clinical hypnosis, backed by research studies. The applications include gastro-intestinal disorders, skin disorders, anesthetic-free surgery, nausea associated with chemotherapy, asthma, gender identity disorders, cystic fibrosis, and of course, smoking and weight management, as well as pain management, insomnia, substance abuse, and anxiety and mood disorders.

Next, the author offers a metaphoric trance induction with helpful notes in the margin showing how he indirectly suggests various trance phenomena: time distortion, dissociation, hallucination, and catalepsy. Then he launches into a series of hypnotic story-telling scripts, which are whimsical, haunting, and amusing, --all designed to induce trance with indirect references to time distortion, opening the mind to discovery, considering options for problem-solving, acceptance, releasing, and dissociation. These scripts teach readers how to insert suggestions into fascinating stories that help clients experience the effects of hypnosis. The scripts obviously speak to the unconscious mind and the influence of Milton H. Erickson is evident. While the scripts are beautifully written, readers are reminded to adapt them to their own circumstances and the preferences and sensitivities of their clients.

Gafner includes a very nice chapter on the hypnotic voice-a subject I've not seen in other books on hypnotherapy. He follows with a chapter on guided imagery inductions, based on scenes from nature - mountain vistas, streams, and forests. He also presents inductions that utilize confusion for clients who are not easily hypnotized or who may be somewhat resistant to direct suggestions.

The main text ends with a few practical recommendations for educating clients about hypnotherapy, introducing colleagues to hypnotherapy in clinical settings, and additional practice guidelines. The two appendices cover a range of techniques (with references to other books where each may be found) and a glossary.

Techniques of Hypnotic Induction makes enjoyable reading for hypnotherapists who want to bring creativity and imagination to their inductions. The clever scripts are interspersed with instruction written with just enough hypnotic language to appeal to the conscious mind as well as the unconscious mind. The entire book makes for a truly entrancing learning experience.

Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D. is a licensed psychotherapist and life coach with a solo practice, Motivational Strategies, in Springfield, Virginia. She is a certified hypnotherapist and NLP Trainer as well as Executive Director of the National Board of Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists. She has written The Weight, Hypnotherapy and You Weight Reduction Program: An NLP and Hypnotherapy Practitioner's Manual. Her website is www.engagethepower.com. And her email is judy@engagethepower.com.

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